Sanitary churn.



C. DE FOREST.

SANITARY GHURN.

APPLICATION FILED 13110.20, 1911.

1,077,456, Patented Nov. 4, 1913.

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'UNTTED STATES PATENT @FFTCE.

CHARLEs LE FOREST, or Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO SANITARY UTILI- TIES COMPANY, OF sAN IBERNARDINO, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORATION or CALI- FORNIA.

SANITARY CHURN'.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 20, 1911. Serial No. 667,011.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES DE Fonnsr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Sanitary Churns, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to churns having a glass container. Some of the features of the invention may be applied to churns made of material other than glass.

An object of the invention is to provide a churn for household use and to devise a churn which can be constructed in sizes arranged from one gallon or less up to 15 gallons, so that the churning for household use or for Ordinary farm use can be performed with great convenience and small expense of time and labor and without any liability of unsanitary conditions arising.

It is well known that the container used in the process of churning butter from milk or cream must be provided with a vent; and a feature of the invention relates to a construction whereby a removable glass jar of simple construction covered by a single glass cover and with or without a gasket seal may be employed without danger of breakage from gases liberated from the milk during churning, provision also being made whereby the vent tube may be readily removed and whereby the cover can be easily applied and removed while the container is in place.

Another object is cheapness and simplicity of construction.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the churn assembled ready for use. Fig. 2 is a fragmental longitudinal section through the axis of the swing.

The swing support comprises end supports 1, 2, held in fixed relation to each other by spacing rods 3 and nuts 4, 5. The end supports are standards made from duplicate castings and each comprises a bearing block and two legs extending downward from the block at an angle to each other of about 45 degrees, more or less. The bearing blocks 6 and 7 are alike excepting that they are difierently bored and the legs 8 are all of the same construction, said legs being flat bars perforated near their lower ends to receive the threaded ends 10 of the spacing rods 3 which are each provided at each end with inner and outer set nuts 4 and 5, the inner set nut L forming stops against which the standards are held by the outer set nuts 5."

The bearing block 6 of the standard 1 is provided with a journal bearing bore 11 having a counter-bore 12 at the inner end thereof. The bearing block 7 of the standard 2 is provided with a journal bearing bore 13 of uniform diameter entirely through the block at right angles to the plane of the legs.

The swing to receive the bottom of the container 14: is constructed of a ring 15 and a stirrup 16 extending from one side of the ring and fastened at. its end to the ring at diametrically opposite points; being secured to the ring by the co-axial journals 17 and 18 which are respectively provided with shoulders 19 and 20 and extend through the stirrup and into the ring, to the latter of which they are secured by riveting or welding; the ring being diametrically bored to receive them. The short journal 17 is hollow at its axis to receive the straight limb 21 of the vent tube, the inner end 22 of which is curved with a half bend, so that when the vent tube is fixed in position relative to the bearing block, the inner end of the vent tube will open downwardly above the axis of rotation in the container 14:- Said vent tube is provided at the inner end of its straight limb 21 with a thrust shoulder 23 to support a gasket compressingspring 24 that holds against the inside of the container a gasket 25 that is slidingly mounted on the straight limb of the vent tube to close the orifice 26 in said container Patented Nov. 4,1913.

through which the straight limb 21 is inserted into the bore 27 of the short hollow journal 17 which fits the counter-bore 12 and butts against the shoulder 28 at the outer end of said counter-bore. The straight limb 21 of the vent tube is the same diameter as the bore 11 of the journal box 6 and said journal box is provided with a pin hole 29 to receive the fastening pin 30 which extends therethrough and also through a hole 31 in the outer end of the straight limb of the vent tube.

The crank carrying journal 18 fits the bearing bore 13 and its shoulder 32 butts against the inside of the bearing block 7.

and 18 that serve as pivot pins for the bail Preferably said journals are of the same diameter, so that the holes in the bail may be of like diameter. The middle of the bail is provided on its inner side with a boss 39 and said bail and boss are provided with a screw-threaded hole 40 to receive a set-screw 41 adapted to engage the knob 42 of the cover 43 which may be seated with a ground seator with a gasket 44 in the mouth 45 of the container. By arrangement of the stirrup, bail and set-screw in alinement with one another it is obvious that the pressure produced by tightening the set-screw will not have a distorting effect on the ring liable to break the container,but that the stresses of such pressure will balance one another at the journals.

To assemble the churn the space rods will first be fastened by the nuts at one end of the legs of one of the standards and the stop nuts being in place on the other end of the space rods, the bail which may be madeof spring steel is then applied to the journals, one end being first placed on to thecrank ournal or arbor 18 and on to the shoul-- der 20 and then the other end of the bail is brought on to the hollow journal 17 which is shorter than the crank journal and allows the adjustment just stated to be made with minimum spreading apart of the perforated ends of the bail. The journal 17 will then be inserted into the counter-bore 12 and the standard 2 will then be brought into place with its journal bore 13 on the journal 18' and the threaded ends of the space rods will then be passed through the legs of the standard 2 and will be secured by screwing the nuts 5 home to clamp the legs against the stop nuts 4. Said stop nuts may be adjusted as required to proper positions at which the journals will be held in their bearings with appropriate looseness and practically free from endwise play. Then the container will be inserted into the swing so as to rest on the stirrup 16 and the straight limb 21 oi the vent tube will then be inserted through the hollow journal 17 and secured in place I by the pin 30. The crank 36 will then be applied to the crank or journal arbor 18 and will be fixed thereon by the pin 34 so as to extend radially from the same side of the axis with the stirrup. When the parts are thus assembled the container will stand with its open mouth upward and the bail will rest against one side thereof. When the container has been filled with milk or cream to less than one-half its depth, the cover will be placed on the container with a rubber gasket 44 to make an air-tight joint unless the container and cover are fitted with a ground joint; and the bail will then be brought into vertical position and the set-screw 41 screwed down to engage the cover to hold it seated. In case the cover is provided with a knob 42 to serve as a handle, the thumb screw may engage said knob. Such construction and arrangement is shown in Fig. 1. Then the churn has thus been filled the crank will be turned in the usual manner until the churning is completed. As the process proceeds it is clearly visible through the transparent container 14 and the operator is thus enabled to determine just what process is going on and to regulate thetemperature by external applications of heat or cold as may appear desirable.

When the churningv is done and the container brought to astand-still with the crank hanging down and the top of the convtainer up the set-screw will be loosened, the bail swung out of the way and the cover "removed, whereupon the butter may be taken out and afterward the buttermilk poured out by partially revolving the container. WVhen the buttermilk has been poured out the pin 30 and the vent tube may be withdrawn, thus leaving the container free to be removed; whereupon all of the parts that have been touched by the cream or milk may be washed and thoroughly sterilized by immersion in boiling water. It is thus seen that when the parts are in position, the swing, including the ring, the stirrup, the bail and the adjustable means formed by the set-screw, acts upon the cover and container to hold the cover and the container in place so that until the set-screw is the contents of the container.

I claim 1. In a churn the combination with journal boxes, of a swing mounted in said jouragain released, there is no danger of spilling nal boxes and comprising a ring, a stirrup,

journals in the journal boxes and passing through the stirrup, and a bail mounted on the journals; a container in the swing; a cover for the container; and means carried by the bail to engage the cover.

2. In a churn the combination with a ring and a stirrup and journals therefor; of a container in the ring and on the stirrup; a bail journaled to the ring and stirrup; a cover for the container; and adjustable means carried by the bail to hold the cover in place.

3. A churn comprising a ring; a stirrup and bail in alinement with one another;

container in the ring and on the stirrup; a

cover for the container; and means in alinement with the stirrup and bail to hold the cover on the container.

4:. In a churn; the combination with a frame provided with two journal boxes; of a swing provided with journals in the journal boxes; a container in the swing; a vent tube in the container and extending through the container and axially through one of the journals; means to fasten the vent tube in its journal box; means to hold the con tainer in the swing; and a crank fastened on one of the journals to turn the swing and to fasten its journal in its journal box.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set 15 my hand at Los Angeles, California, this 9th day of December, 1911.

CHAS. DE FOREST.

In presence of JAMES R. TOWNSEND, L. BELLE RICE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

